hastie@stanford.edu 22Dec06 I did some work with a Ph.D student on the SVD (aka a version of CCA) where we wanted both the left and right singular vectors to be smooth (in their respective domains). See chapter 4 of Crellin's thesis (my first Ph.D student). The pdf is available from http://www-stat.stanford.edu/~hastie/students.htm I also recall that Andreas Buja mentioned he has a student working on the harder problem of applying roughness penalties both on left and right Happy holidays Trevor